Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokwakha kanye nezesekeli ezisebenzayo zama-greenhouses kuyisici esibalulekile ekwakheni indawo yokutshala ephumelelayo yezolimo. Ungakwazi ukukhetha ngokuguquguqukayo izinto zokwakha zamathambo abamba ukushisa, izinto zokumboza, nezinhlelo ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza ngokuvumelana nezidingo zokutshala ezihlukene nezimo zezulu ukuze uqinisekise ukuzinza nokuvumelana nezimo kwendawo yangaphakathi ye-greenhouse. Okulandelayo kuyincazelo eningiliziwe yokunwetshwa kwezesekeli zokuzikhethela ze-greenhouses:
1. Ngokuphathelene nezinto ezibamba ukushisa
Izinto zamathambo:
Ipayipi elinothayela: ipayipi elinothayela elivamile lisetshenziswa njengohlaka lwamathambo abamba ukushisa, afanele izindawo ezinezidingo eziphansi zokunqanda ukugqwala, izindleko eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi zilungele amaphrojekthi ajwayelekile abamba ukushisa.
Ipayipi elinothayela elishisayo lediphu elishisayo: Ipayipi elinothayela elishisayo lediphu linokusebenza okuqinile okulwa nokugqwala, ungqimba oluqinile olunothayela, futhi lingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside endaweni enomswakama ophezulu ngaphandle kokugqwala, elilungele ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo eziningi ezibamba ukushisa.
Amapayipi othayela wediphu ashisayo: Ukumbozwa kwamapayipi kathayela adiphu ashisayo kufana kakhulu futhi kuhlala isikhathi eside, okunganweba ngempumelelo impilo yesevisi yezakhiwo ezibamba ukushisa. Ifaneleka kakhulu ezindaweni ezinosawoti omningi kanye nomswakama ophezulu, njengamaphrojekthi we-greenhouse ezindaweni ezisogwini.
Izinto zamathambo:
I-Membrane: Ifanele izindlu zokugcina izithombo ezongayo, okuhlanganisa:
Ifilimu esobala: Ngokudluliswa kokukhanya okuphezulu, ilungele ukutshala izitshalo ezidinga ukukhanya okwanele futhi isiza ukuthuthukisa i-photosynthesis.
Ifilimu emnyama nemhlophe, ifilimu emhlophe emnyama nemhlophe: lungisa ukukhanya, lawula izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwe-greenhouse, elifanele izitshalo ezinezidingo ezikhethekile zokukhanya.
Ifilimu emhlophe eluhlaza: ingahlunga ukukhanya kancane futhi inciphise ukulimala kokukhanya okuqinile ezitshalweni, ezifanele izindawo zokushisa okuphezulu ehlobo.
Ingilazi: Ukukhanya okuphezulu nokuqina okuqinile, ifanele izindlu zokugcina izithombo eziphezulu kanye nezindawo zokushisa ezibuka indawo. Izinhlobo zengilazi ezivame ukusetshenziswa zifaka ingilazi epholile kanye nengilazi entantayo, enokumelana nomthelela omuhle kanye nomphumela wokushisa.
Ibhodi le-PC: Ibhodi le-Polycarbonate (ibhodi le-PC) linokweqa okuhle kanye nokumelana nomthelela, futhi lifanele ukwakhiwa kwe-greenhouse ezindaweni ezibandayo. Izici zayo ezingasindi zenza ukufakwa kube lula kakhulu futhi kube nokuqina okuqinile.
Uhlelo olusebenzayo (I-Greenhouse System)
Umsebenzi we-Sunshade:
Isistimu ye-shading yangaphandle: efakwe phezulu noma ohlangothini lwe-greenhouse ukuze uvimbele ukukhanya kwelanga okweqile, ukuvimbela ukushisa okuphezulu ngaphakathi kwe-greenhouse, nokunciphisa ukulimala kwelanga eliqondile ezitshalweni. Ifanele ukusetshenziswa kwehlobo.
Isistimu ye-shading yangaphakathi: efakwe ngaphakathi kwe-greenhouse, ilawula ukushuba kokukhanya ngokulungisa izinga lokuvula nokuvala lenetha langaphakathi le-shading, elisiza ukugcina izinga lokushisa le-greenhouse ngenkathi ivikela izitshalo ekushiseni okunamandla.
Umsebenzi wokuvimbela ukukhanya: Ngokusebenzisa indwangu ye-shading noma i-mesh, indawo yasendlini emnyama ngokuphelele ingafinyelelwa, ukugwema ukuphazamiseka kokukhanya. Ilungele izitshalo ezinezidingo eziqinile ze-photoperiod, njengezimbali ezithile namakhowe.
Umsebenzi wokukhanyisa:
Ukukhanya okungeziwe kwezitshalo: kunikeza umthombo wokukhanya owengeziwe ebusika noma ngaphansi kwezimo zokukhanya ukuze kuthuthukiswe i-photosynthesis nokukhula nokuthuthuka kwezitshalo. Izibani ezijwayelekile zokugcwalisa izitshalo zifaka izibani zokugcwalisa i-LED, ezinokusetshenziswa okuphansi kwamandla nempilo ende.
Umsebenzi wokungenisa umoya:
Uhlelo lwe-ventilation ephezulu: Ngokufaka amafasitela okuphuza umoya phezulu kwe-greenhouse, umoya oshisayo oqoqwe ngaphakathi ku-greenhouse ukhishwa ngokuphumelelayo, unciphisa izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwe-greenhouse.
Isistimu yokungenisa umoya eseceleni: Faka umoya ngama-roller wefilimu omanuwali noma kagesi ohlangothini, alungele ukusetshenziswa entwasahlobo nasekwindla, futhi angalawula ukujikeleza komoya ngaphakathi kwendawo ebamba ukushisa.
Qeda isistimu yokungenisa umoya ebusweni: Faka amafasitela okungenisa umoya kuzo zombili iziphetho zendawo ebamba ukushisa ukuze uthuthukise ukugeleza komoya, ofanele izindlu zokushisa ezixhumene ngezinga elikhulu, futhi uthuthukise ukujikeleza komoya.
Umsebenzi wokupholisa:
I-fan ye-pressure engalungile kanye nesistimu yamakhethini amanzi: Ngesikhathi sokushisa okuphezulu ehlobo, i-fan ye-pressure engalungile isetshenziswa kanye nekhethini lamanzi ukunciphisa ngokushesha izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwe-greenhouse ngokusebenzisa isimiso sokupholisa kwekhethini lokuhwamuka kwamanzi kanye ne-fan exhaust, okwenza kube kufanelekile. izindawo zokugcina izithombo ezinkulu ezindaweni ezishisayo.
Umsebenzi wokushisisa:
Isistimu yokushisisa: Ngokusebenzisa igesi, ugesi, noma i-biomass njengemithombo yamandla, ingaphakathi lendlu ebamba ukushisa lishiswa ngesitofu esishisayo, irediyetha, noma ipayipi lokushisisa elingaphansi ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinga lokushisa elifanele ebusika noma ezinkathini ezibandayo. Isistimu yokushisisa ingavikela izitshalo ngempumelelo emonakalweni wokuqandisa osezingeni eliphansi.
Umsebenzi wokunisela:
I-Intelligent Irrigation System: Izindlela zokunisela eziningi ezifana ne-drip irrigation, i-micro spraying, kanye ne-sprinkler irrigation zilungiswa ngendlela yokutshala kanye nesidingo samanzi sezitshalo. Izinhlelo zokunisela ezihlakaniphile zingafinyelela ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo, zonge amanzi ngokuphumelelayo, ziqinisekise ukutholakala kwamanzi okufanayo ezitshalweni, futhi zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.
Ngokukhetha nokumatanisa lezi zinto kanye nezinhlelo ezisebenzayo ngokunengqondo, i-greenhouse inganikeza indawo engcono kakhulu yokukhula yezitshalo ezihlukahlukene ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo ezihlukene, ukufeza imiphumela yokutshala ephumelelayo neyonga amandla.
2. Ukuphatha okuhlakaniphile
Uhlelo lokuphatha olukhaliphile esiluklamele i-greenhouse lufinyelela ukulawulwa nokuphathwa kwemvelo ngendlela ephumelelayo nenembayo ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezithuthukisiwe zobuchwepheshe, ezingathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokutshala nokunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza. Okulandelayo yizinzuzo ezithile zokuphathwa kwe-greenhouse okuhlakaniphile:
● Ukuqapha idatha yesikhathi sangempela
Ukutholwa kwedatha yesikhathi sangempela: Ngesistimu yezinzwa ezihlakaniphile, imingcele eminingi yendawo ezungezile njengezinga lokushisa, umswakama, amandla okukhanya, kanye nokugxiliswa kwe-carbon dioxide endlini ebamba ukushisa kuyabhekwa ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi indawo yokukhula kwezitshalo ihlala isesimweni esihle kakhulu. Idatha yokuqapha isikhathi sangempela yenza abaphathi bakwazi ukulungisa izimo zemvelo ngesikhathi, banciphise imvamisa yokuhlola okwenziwa ngesandla, futhi bathuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokuphatha.
● Ukuhlaziya idatha yomlando
Ukuhlaziywa kwethrendi nokwenza kahle: Uhlelo luqopha ngokuzenzakalelayo izinguquko zemvelo kanye nokukhula kwezitshalo ku-greenhouse, futhi likhiqize imibiko enemininingwane yokuhlaziya izitayela. Ngokuhlaziya okujulile kwedatha yomlando, abaphathi bangaqonda umthelela wezinguquko zemvelo ekukhuleni kwezitshalo futhi bathuthukise amasu okutshala ngokufanele, njengokulungisa isikhathi sokunisela, izilinganiso zikamanyolo, njll., ukuze bathole isivuno esiphezulu nekhwalithi.
● Isistimu yesixwayiso ehlakaniphile
Ukuvimbela nokulawula ubungozi: Ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni okuphelele kwedatha yesikhathi sangempela neyomlando, isistimu yesixwayiso ehlakaniphile ingabikezela izinkinga ezingase zenzeke endaweni ebamba ukushisa, njengezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, umswakama onganele, noma izingozi zezinambuzane nezifo, futhi likhiphe izexwayiso. ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izinkinga. Abaphathi bangathola ulwazi oluyisixwayiso ngomakhalekhukhwini noma amakhompyutha, bathathe izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi ukuze bagweme ukulimala kwezitshalo okubangelwa izinguquko zemvelo, futhi baqinisekise ukukhula okunempilo kwezitshalo.
● Isixhumi esibonakalayo esisebenziseka kalula
Kulula ukusebenza: Uhlelo lokuphatha oluhlakaniphile lufakwe isikhombimsebenzisi esibonakalayo nesisebenziseka kalula, esivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi basebenze kalula ngaphandle kwesidingo sesizinda sobuchwepheshe obuchwepheshile. Ngohlelo lokusebenza lweselula noma isikhombimsebenzisi sekhompiyutha, abaphathi bangabuka isimo sokusebenza namarekhodi omlando we-greenhouse nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, futhi ngokushesha bathole idatha ehlukahlukene eyisihluthulelo, ukufeza ukuphathwa nokulawula okukude, kube lula kakhulu umsebenzi wokuphatha wansuku zonke we-greenhouse.
● Izixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso
Ukuphathwa komuntu siqu: Ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zokutshala zamakhasimende ahlukene, uhlelo lokuphatha oluhlakaniphile lunganikeza izixazululo zedatha ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokuphatha izinhlobo ezahlukene zezindlu zokugcina izithombo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukutshala izimbali, ukutshala imifino, noma ukuphathwa kahle kwezitshalo ezikhethekile, izinhlelo ezihlosiwe zokulawula imvelo zinganikezwa ngemisebenzi yesistimu eguquguqukayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izitshalo zikhula ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele kakhulu.
● Ukusekelwa kochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe
Isevisi egcwele: Phakathi nenqubo yokusetshenziswa kwesistimu, ithimba lezobuchwepheshe elichwepheshile linikeza amakhasimende ukwesekwa okuphelele, okuhlanganisa ukufakwa kwesistimu nokulungisa iphutha, ukuqeqeshwa kokusebenza, ukuxazulula izinkinga, nokuthuthukiswa kwesistimu. Amakhasimende angathola usizo lochwepheshe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi lapho ehlangabezana nezinkinga zobuchwepheshe, eqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesistimu yokuphatha ehlakaniphile, ngaleyo ndlela enze ukuphathwa kwe-greenhouse kusebenze kahle futhi kuzinzile.
Uhlelo lwethu lokuphatha oluhlakaniphile lwe-greenhouse, ngokuhlanganisa le misebenzi, lungasiza abalimi ukulawula kalula indawo ebamba ukushisa, ukunciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yezitshalo kanye nesivuno, kuyilapho kunciphisa ukuchithwa kwezinsiza, ukufeza imodi yokukhiqiza eluhlaza futhi esimeme kakhudlwana, nokuhlinzeka ngezinga eliphakeme kanye nesivuno. izindlela zokuphatha ngempumelelo ezolimo zesimanje.
Uma unemibuzo eyengeziwe mayelana nama-greenhouses, sicela ukhululeke ukuba nezingxoxo ezinemininingwane eyengeziwe nathi. Siyajabula ukukwazi ukubhekana nezinkinga zakho nezinkinga zakho.
Uma ungathanda ukufunda okwengeziwe mayelana nezixazululo zethu zetende, ungabheka ukukhiqizwa kanye nekhwalithi ye-greenhouse, ukukhiqizwa kanye nekhwalithi ye-greenhouse, inqubo yesevisi kanye nenkonzo yokuthengisa emva kokuthengisa kwe-greenhouse.
I-greenhouse ehlakaniphile, ukuqapha kwemvelo ngesikhathi sangempela, isixwayiso esihlakaniphile, isu lokutshala elilungiselelwe, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo zihlala zisesimweni esihle kakhulu sokukhula. Izixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, ukonga amandla kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, okwenza ezolimo zihlakaniphe futhi zivumelane nemvelo!
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-28-2024