Nokuba ungumntu othanda igadi, umlimi, inkampani yezolimo, okanye iziko lophando, singayila i-greenhouse efanele isikali sakho, ibhajethi, kunye nenjongo yokusetyenziswa kwimisebenzi yakho (efana nokuvelisa imifuno, iintyatyambo, iziqhamo, okanye ukwenza imifuniselo yesayensi. ).
Siza kukubonelela ngesisombululo esinqwenelekayo soyilo lwe-greenhouse esekelwe kwindawo yakho yejografi, imbuyekezo yebhajethi kutyalo-mali (ROI), kunye nohlobo lwe-greenhouse.
Indlu enkulu yokukhulisa imifuno
I-Greenhouse yokutyala iintyatyambo
Singalufumana njani olona yilo lufanelekileyo lwegreenhouse kwindawo yejografi
Kwinkqubo yoyilo lwegreenhouse, indawo engqongileyo yenye yezinto eziphambili ezichaphazela isikimu soyilo. Ayigcini nje ngokumisela indawo kunye nesakhiwo se-greenhouse, kodwa iphinda ichaphazele ngokuthe ngqo imiba efana nokukhanyisa, umoya, ubushushu kunye nokulawulwa komswakama, kunye nokulawulwa kwamandla okusebenza kakuhle kwe-greenhouse. Oku kulandelayo kuya kucacisa ifuthe elithile lemo yejografi kuyilo lwegreenhouse:
1. Indawo yejografi kunye nokukhethwa kwendawo ye-greenhouse
Iimeko zelanga
Ukukhanya kwexesha kunye nokuqina: Ukukhanya sisiseko se-photosynthesis yezityalo kwaye kuchaphazela ukukhula kwezityalo kunye nesivuno. Iindawo ezahlukeneyo zejografi ziya kuba nexesha elahlukileyo lokukhanya kwelanga kunye nobunzulu. Kwiindawo ezinobude obuphezulu, ixesha lokukhanya kwelanga ebusika lifutshane, ngoko uyilo lwe-greenhouse kufuneka luthathele ingqalelo ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya okuphezulu; Kwiindawo ezisezantsi ezinelanga elaneleyo, izibonelelo zomthunzi kufuneka zixhotyiswe ukuthintela ukukhanya kwelanga okugqithisileyo.
Ukukhetha i-orientation: Ukuqhelaniswa kwe-greenhouse kufuneka kwakhona kumiselwe ngokusekelwe kwiimeko zokukhanya kwelanga. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ulungelelwaniso olungasentla-emazantsi lukhethwa ukufezekisa ukukhanya okufanayo. I-greenhouse yasempuma-ntshona ifanelekile kwiindawo ezithile zobude obuphantsi kuba ivumela ixesha elide lokuvezwa kukukhanya kwelanga ebusika.
Imimandla yobushushu kunye neMozulu
Umahluko wamaqondo obushushu: Indawo yejografi imisela indawo yemozulu apho i-greenhouse ikhoyo, kwaye umahluko wobushushu phakathi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo zemozulu uya kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukugquma kunye noyilo lokupholisa kwe-greenhouse. Umzekelo, kwiindawo ezibandayo ezinje ngezide eziphakamileyo okanye iindawo ezisezintabeni, amanyathelo anamandla okugquma kufuneka aqwalaselwe, kusetyenziswa izixhobo zokugquma ezinomaleko amaninzi okanye ukuyilwa kwegreenhouses yeglasi ephindwe kabini ukunciphisa ilahleko yobushushu. Kwiindawo ezitshisayo okanye ezitshisayo, ukungena komoya kunye nokupholisa kugxininiso loyilo.
Ukusabela ngokugqithisileyo kwemozulu: Kwezinye iindawo, kusenokubakho iimeko zemozulu eziqatha njengeqabaka, amaza obushushu, izaqhwithi zesanti, njl. njl., ezifuna uhlengahlengiso olujoliswe kuyilo lwendlu eluhlaza. Ngokomzekelo, kwiindawo ezineqhwa rhoqo, kunokwenzeka ukuqwalasela ukongeza izixhobo zokufudumeza kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo; Kwiindawo ezinesanti ehlala rhoqo, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisa ukuzinza kwezakhiwo ze-greenhouse kunye namanyathelo okuthintela uthuli.
Imvula kunye nokufuma
Imvula yonyaka kunye nokusasazwa kwamaxesha onyaka: Iimeko zokuna kwemvula zichaphazela uyilo lwemijelo yamanzi kunye nokumiswa kwenkqubo yokunkcenkceshela yezindlu zokugcina izityalo. Kwiindawo ezinemvula ephezulu kunye nokusabalalisa okugxininisiweyo (njengemimandla yemozulu ye-monsoon), kuyimfuneko ukuyila inkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi efanelekileyo ukukhusela ukuqokelela kwamanzi angaphakathi ngexesha lemvula enkulu. Ukongeza, ukuyila kophahla kwakhona kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuphambukiswa kwamanzi emvula ukuphepha impembelelo yamanzi emvula kwisakhiwo se-greenhouse.
Ukufuma komoya: Kwiindawo ezinobumanzi obuphezulu (ezifana neendawo ezingaselunxwemeni), uyilo lwegreenhouse kufuneka lunike ingqwalasela eyodwa ekungeneni komoya kunye nokunciphisa umswakama ukuthintela izifo ezibangelwa kukufuma okuphezulu. Kwiindawo ezomileyo ezifana nemimandla engaphakathi okanye eyintlango, izixhobo zokufuma kufuneka zifakwe ukuze kugcinwe ukufuma komoya okufanelekileyo.
2. Ifuthe leterrain kunye nelandsforms kwi greenhouses
Ukukhetha umhlaba
Okuphambili kumhlaba othe tyaba: Iindawo zokutyala izityalo zikholisa ukwakhiwa kwiindawo ezinomhlaba othe tyaba ukuze kube lula ukwakha nokulawula. Kodwa ukuba yindawo yeentaba okanye induli, kuyimfuneko ukulinganisa kunye nokuqinisa isiseko, oko kwandisa iindleko zokwakha.
Umhlaba othambekileyo kunye noyilo lokuhambisa amanzi: Kumhlaba othambekileyo, uyilo lwe-greenhouse kufuneka luthathele ingqalelo imiba yokuhambisa amanzi emvula okanye amanzi okunkcenkceshela ukuba angaqukuqeleli ngaphakathi kwindlu yokushisa. Ukongeza, ukuthambekela komhlaba kunokunceda ukufezekisa ukuhanjiswa kwemvelo, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe iindleko zokwakhiwa kwezixhobo zokuhambisa amanzi.
Indlela yomoya kunye nesantya
Indawo yomoya ehlala ihleli:
Isalathiso somoya kunye nesantya sinempembelelo ebalulekileyo ekungeneni komoya kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu bezindlu zokugcina izityalo. Xa uyila indlu yogcino zityalo, kubalulekile ukuqonda icala oya ngakulo umoya unyaka wonke kunye nokubeka ngobuchule indawo yokuvula umoya ukuphucula umoya wendalo. Umzekelo, ukufaka isibane esibhakabhakeni kwindawo esezantsi kwecala lomoya okhoyo ehlotyeni kunganceda ukukhupha umoya oshushu ngokukhawuleza.
Amanyathelo angangeni moya:
Kwiindawo ezinezantya zomoya ophezulu, ezifana nemimandla yonxweme okanye i-plateau, ii-greenhouses kufuneka ziqwalasele uyilo lokumelana nomoya, kubandakanywa ukukhetha izakhiwo ezizinzileyo zefreyimu, izinto zokugquma ezityebileyo, kunye nokongeza iindonga zokunqanda umoya ukukhusela umonakalo kwi-greenhouse phantsi kwemimoya enamandla.
Iimeko zomhlaba
Uhlobo lomhlaba kunye nokuziqhelanisa:
Indawo ekuyo ijografi ichaza uhlobo lomhlaba, kunye nokuphuma kwamanzi, ukuchuma, ubumuncu kunye nealkalinity yemihlaba eyahlukeneyo inokuchaphazela ukukhula kwezityalo kwizindlu zokugcina izityalo. Ngoko ke, uvavanyo lomhlaba luyimfuneko ngaphambi kokukhetha indawo ye-greenhouse, kunye nokutyalwa kwezityalo ezifanelekileyo okanye ukuphuculwa komhlaba (njengokunyusa isichumiso se-organic, ukuphucula ixabiso le-pH, njl.) kufuneka kukhethwe ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zovavanyo.
Uzinzo lwesiseko:
Uyilo olusisiseko lwe-greenhouse kufuneka luqwalasele umthamo wokuthwala kunye nokuzinza komhlaba ukuthintela ukuthotywa kwesiseko okanye ukuguqulwa kwesakhiwo se-greenhouse. Kumhlaba othambileyo okanye kwiindawo ezijongene nokuhlaliswa, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisa isiseko okanye ukusebenzisa iziseko eziphathekayo.
3. Umthombo waManzi weNgingqi kunye noYilo lokunkcenkceshela
Ukufikeleleka kwemithombo yamanzi
Umgama womthombo wamanzi kunye nomgangatho wamanzi:
Indawo yendawo yokuhlala kufuneka ibe kufutshane nomthombo wamanzi azinzileyo (njengemilambo, amachibi, okanye amanzi aphantsi komhlaba) ngeenjongo zokunkcenkceshela. Kwangaxeshanye, ixabiso le-pH, ubulukhuni, kunye nenqanaba longcoliseko lomgangatho wamanzi liya kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukukhula kwesityalo, kwaye kuyafuneka ukuba kwandiswe izixhobo zokucocwa kwamanzi (ezifana nokuhluzwa, ukubulala iintsholongwane, njalo njalo) xa kuyimfuneko.
Inkqubo yokuqokelela amanzi emvula:
Kwiindawo ezinemvula ephezulu, iinkqubo zokuqokelelwa kwamanzi emvula zinokuyilwa ukugcina amanzi emvula ukwenzela ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zobutyebi bamanzi.
Ingxaki yokunqongophala kwamanzi kwingingqi
Kwezinye iindawo, ngenxa yembalela yemozulu okanye ukunqongophala kobutyebi bamanzi aphantsi komhlaba, kuyafuneka ukuba kukhethwe iindlela zokunkcenkceshela ezisebenzayo (ezifana nokunkcenkceshela ngamathontsi okanye ukunkcenkceshela nge-micro sprinkler) ukonga amanzi. Ngexesha elifanayo, kunokwenzeka ukuqwalasela ukusebenzisa amadama okanye iinqaba zamanzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe imithombo yamanzi yokunkcenkceshela eyaneleyo ngexesha lembalela.
4. Ifuthe lemo yejografi ekusetyenzisweni kwamandla obushushu
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla elanga
Kwiindawo ezinokukhanya okwaneleyo kwelanga, amandla elanga angasetyenziselwa ukufudumeza kwe-greenhouse okanye iinkqubo zokukhanyisa ezongezelelweyo ngokuyila izinto zokugubungela ezicacileyo kunye nokusebenzisa iipaneli zelanga, ngaloo ndlela ukunciphisa iindleko zamandla.
Kwiindawo ezineemeko zokukhanya ezimbi, kunokuba yimfuneko ukusebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya eyenziweyo (njengezibane zezityalo ze-LED) ukongeza ukukhanya, ngelixa uqwalasela indlela yokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kombane.
Ukusetyenziswa kweGeothermal kunye naMandla omoya
Kwiindawo ezinemithombo yobutyebi be-geothermal eninzi, amandla e-geothermal angasetyenziselwa ukufudumeza izindlu eziluhlaza kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla. Kubushushu obuphantsi ebusuku, iinkqubo ze-geothermal zinokubonelela ngomthombo wobushushu ozinzileyo.
Kwiindawo ezinobuncwane obuninzi bomoya, ukuveliswa kwamandla omoya kunokuthathwa njengokubonelela ngombane kwizindlu zokugcina izityalo, ngokukodwa kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo ezifuna izixhobo zokungenisa umoya ezinkulu, ezinokunciphisa iindleko zombane.
5. Luluphi uhlobo loyilo esinokukubonelela ngalo
Ifuthe lemo engqongileyo yejografi kuyilo lwegreenhouse linamacala amaninzi. Ayichaphazeli kuphela indawo kunye nesakhiwo se-greenhouse, kodwa iphinda inqume ubunzima kunye neendleko zokulawula indawo yangaphakathi ye-greenhouse. Ngokwenzululwazi nangengqiqo imiba yokusingqongileyo yejografi inokwenza ukuba ii-greenhouses ziqhelane ngcono nokusingqongileyo kwangaphandle, ziphucule isivuno sezityalo kunye nomgangatho, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye neendleko zokuwugcina.
Ngoko ke, ngexesha lesigaba soyilo lwe-greenhouse, siya kuqhuba uphando olunzulu kunye nohlalutyo olusekelwe kwindawo yendawo yeprojekthi. Ukuthatha ithuba lemeko yendawo, ukuphepha izisongelo zokusingqongileyo, ukuyila ii-greenhouses ezisebenzayo nezizinzileyo ukukunceda ufezekise iinjongo zexesha elide ezizinzileyo zemveliso.
Khetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwe-greenhouse
I-greenhouse eyodwa-arch
Iimpawu: Ukwamkela isakhiwo esine-arched kunye ne-span ye-6-12 yeemitha ngokubanzi, ifilimu yeplastiki isoloko isetyenziswa njengento yokugquma.
Izinto eziluncedo: Iindleko zokwakha eziphantsi, ukufakwa okulula, okufanelekileyo kwiiprojekthi zokutyala ezincinci kunye neziphakathi.
Ubungakanani besicelo: Imveliso yezityalo eziphambili njengemifuno, iziqhamo, kunye neevatala.
I-greenhouse edibeneyo
Uphawu: Idityaniswe zizakhiwo ezininzi zegreenhouse enye, zenza indawo enkulu yokutyala. Inokugqunywa ngefilimu, iglasi, okanye i-polycarbonate sheet (ibhodi yePC).
Izinto eziluncedo: Unyawo olukhulu, olulungele ulawulo oluzenzekelayo, luphucula ukusetyenziswa kwendawo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.
Umda wesicelo: Ukutyalwa korhwebo olukhulu, iziseko zokutyala iintyatyambo, iinjongo zophando lwezenzululwazi.
Greenhouse yeglasi
Iimpawu: Yenziwe ngeglasi njengesixhobo sokugquma, ngokucace kakuhle, kwaye ngokwesiqhelo yakhiwe ngentsimbi.
Izinto eziluncedo: Ukungafihli okugqwesileyo, ukuqina okuqinileyo, okufanelekileyo kulawulo oluchanekileyo lwendalo esingqongileyo.
Umda wesicelo: Ukulinywa kwezityalo ezinexabiso eliphezulu (ezifana neentyatyambo kunye nezityalo zamayeza), imifuniselo yophando lwezenzululwazi, kunye nokubona indawo yezolimo.
PC ibhodi greenhouse
Iimpawu: Ukusebenzisa ibhodi yePC njengesixhobo sokugquma, uyilo olunomngxuma oluphindwe kabini, ukusebenza kakuhle kokugquma.
Izinto eziluncedo: Ixesha elide, ukuchasana nempembelelo enamandla, kunye nesiphumo esingcono sokugquma kunezindlu zefilimu.
Ububanzi besicelo: Ilungele ukutyalwa kweentyatyambo, indawo yokubona indawo yokugcina izityalo, kunye nemveliso kwiindawo ezibandayo.
Iplastiki encinci yefilimu eluhlaza
Iimpawu: Igqutywe ngefilimu yeplastiki, uyilo olulodwa okanye oluphindwe kabini, isakhiwo esilula.
Izinto eziluncedo: Iindleko eziphantsi, ukufakwa lula, ezifanelekileyo kwiimeko zemozulu ezahlukeneyo.
Ububanzi besicelo: Ifanelekile kwimveliso yezityalo ezininzi, iiprojekthi zokulima ezincinci, kunye nokutyala okwexeshana.
I-Solar Greenhouse
Iimpawu: Udonga olungqingqwa olusemantla, icala elisezantsi elicacileyo, lisebenzisa amandla elanga ukugquma, afumaneka kwiindawo ezibandayo.
I-Advantages: Ukugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokusingqongileyo, okufanelekileyo kwimveliso yasebusika, umphumo omuhle wokugquma.
Ububanzi besicelo: Ilungele ukulinywa kwemifuno kwimimandla ebandayo esemantla, ngakumbi ebusika.
Ukuba unemibuzo engaphezulu malunga nezindlu zokugcina izityalo, nceda uzive ukhululekile ukuba neengxoxo ezithe vetshe kunye nathi. Siziva sinelunda ngokukwazi ukulungisa iingxaki zakho kunye nemiba.
Ukuba ungathanda ukufunda okungakumbi malunga nezisombululo zethu zentente, unokujonga imveliso kunye nomgangatho we-greenhouse, ukuphuculwa kwezixhobo zokushisa, inkqubo yenkonzo kunye nenkonzo yokuthengisa emva kwe-greenhouse.
Ukudala i-greenhouse eluhlaza kunye nengqiqo, sixhalabele ngakumbi ngokuhlalisana okuhambelanayo phakathi kwezolimo kunye nendalo, ukwenza abathengi bethu benze umhlaba ube luhlaza kunye nokudala isisombululo esona sisombululo sokuvelisa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-26-2024