Kunyangwe iwe uri munhu anofarira zvegadheni, murimi, kambani yezvekurima, kana sangano rekutsvagisa, tinokwanisa kugadzira greenhouse inonyatso kuenderana nechiyero chako, bhajeti, uye mashandisiro chinangwa chezviitwa zvako (zvakadai sekugadzira miriwo, maruva, michero, kana kuita ongororo dzesainzi. )
Isu tichakupa iwe yaunoda greenhouse dhizaini mhinduro zvichienderana nenzvimbo yako yenzvimbo, bhajeti rekudzoka pakudyara (ROI), uye greenhouse mhando.
Imba huru yekurima miriwo
Greenhouse yekudyara maruva
Tingawana sei yakanyatsokodzera greenhouse dhizaini munzvimbo yenzvimbo
Mukuita greenhouse dhizaini, geographical environment ndiyo imwe yezvinhu zvakakosha zvinokanganisa chirongwa chekugadzira. Iyo haingotaridzi nzvimbo uye chimiro chegreenhouse, asi zvakare inobata zvakananga zvinhu zvakaita sekuvhenekesa, kufefetedza, tembiricha uye humidity regulation, uye simba rekuita manejimendi yegreenhouse. Izvi zvinotevera zvinotsanangudza pamusoro pemaitiro chaiwo enzvimbo yenzvimbo pakugadzira greenhouse:
1. Geographical nzvimbo uye greenhouse site kusarudzwa
Kupenya kwezuva
Chiedza chenguva uye kusimba: Chiedza ndicho hwaro hwechirimwa photosynthesis uye chinokanganisa kukura kwezvirimwa uye goho. Nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzenzvimbo dzichava nekureba kwezuva uye kusimba kwakasiyana. Munzvimbo dzine latitudes yakakwirira, nguva yechando yezuva ipfupi, saka dhizaini yegreenhouse inoda kufunga nezvepamusoro pekufambisa kwechiedza; Munzvimbo dzakaderera dzine chiedza chezuva chakakwana, nzvimbo dze shading dzinoda kugadzirwa kudzivirira kupenya kwezuva kwakanyanyisa.
Sarudzo yekutarisisa: Mamiriro egreenhouse anofanirwawo kutariswa zvichienderana nemamiriro ezuva. Kazhinji, kuchamhembe-kumaodzanyemba marongerwo anosarudzwa kuti awane mamwe mayunifomu emwenje. Iyo yekumabvazuva-kumavirira greenhouse inokodzera dzimwe nzvimbo dzakaderera dzakareba nekuti inobvumira nguva yakareba yekubuda kwezuva munguva yechando.
Tembiricha uye Climate Zones
Musiyano wetembiricha: Nzvimbo yenzvimbo inosarudza nzvimbo yemamiriro ekunze mune greenhouse, uye mutsauko wetembiricha pakati penzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemamiriro ekunze uchakanganisa zvakananga kuvharidzira uye kutonhora dhizaini yegreenhouse. Semuenzaniso, munzvimbo dzinotonhora senge dzakakwirira latitude kana nzvimbo dzine makomo, matanho akasimba ekudzivirira anofanirwa kutariswa, uchishandisa akawanda-layer insulation zvinhu kana kugadzira maviri-layer girazi greenhouses kuderedza kupisa. Munzvimbo dzinopisa kana dzinopisa, kufefetedza uye kutonhora ndiko kutariswa kwekugadzira.
Kunyanya kupinduka kwemamiriro ekunze: Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, panogona kunge paine mamiriro ekunze akanyanya sechando, masaisai ekupisa, madutu ejecha, nezvimwewo, izvo zvinoda kugadziriswa kwakanangwa kukugadzira greenhouse. Semuenzaniso, munzvimbo dzine chando chisingaperi, zvinokwanisika kufunga nezvekuwedzera midziyo yekudziya mumagreenhouses; Munzvimbo dzine madutu ejecha anowanzo, zvinodikanwa kusimbisa kugadzikana kwezvivakwa zvegreenhouse uye matanho ekudzivirira guruva.
Kunaya nekunyorova
Kunaya kwegore negore uye kugovera kwemwaka: Mamiriro ekunaya anokanganisa dhizaini yedhizaini uye yekudiridza sisitimu yekumisikidza yegreenhouses. Munzvimbo dzine kunaya kwakanyanya uye kugovera kwakanyanya (senge monsoon mamiriro ekunze), zvinodikanwa kugadzira dhizaini inonzwisisika kudzivirira kuunganidzwa kwemvura mukati mukati memvura zhinji. Pamusoro pezvo, dhizaini yedenga inodawo kufunga nezvekutsauswa kwemvura inonaya kudzivirira kukanganiswa kwemvura inonaya pane greenhouse chimiro.
Kunyorova kwemhepo: Munzvimbo dzine hunyoro hwepamusoro (dzakadai senzvimbo dzemahombekombe), dhizaini yegreenhouse inofanirwa kutarisisa kufefetera uye kuderedza humidification kudzivirira zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nehunyoro hwepamusoro. Munzvimbo dzakaoma senge mukati menyika kana nzvimbo dzerenje, michina yekunyorovesa inoda kuiswa kuchengetedza hunyoro hwemhepo hwakakodzera.
2. Mhedzisiro yenzvimbo uye landforms pane greenhouses
Kusarudzwa kwenzvimbo
Kukosheswa kwenzvimbo yakati sandara: Magreenhouses anowanzo kuvakwa munzvimbo dzine nzvimbo dzakati sandara kuitira kurerutsira kuvaka uye manejimendi. Asi kana iri nzvimbo ine makomo kana ine zvikomo, zvakakosha kuyera uye kusimbisa hwaro, izvo zvinowedzera mutengo wekuvaka.
Ivhu rakatsetseka uye dhizaini yemvura: Panzvimbo yakatenuka, dhizaini yegreenhouse inoda kufunga nezvemadhiraini kudzivirira mvura inonaya kana yekudiridza kuti isayerera ichipinda mukati megreenhouse. Pamusoro pezvo, kutenuka kwenzvimbo kunogona kubatsira kuwana mvura yakasikwa, nekudaro kuderedza mutengo wekuvaka wezvivakwa zvemvura.
Mhepo nzira uye kumhanya
Perennial dominant wind direction:
Mhepo kutungamira uye kumhanya kune zvakakosha pamhepo yekufefetera uye kupisa kwekupisa kwegreenhouses. Paunenge uchigadzira greenhouse, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise mafambiro emhepo aripo gore rose uye nekuisa zvine hungwaru mavhuriro ekufemesa kuti uvandudze kufefetedza kwemhepo. Semuenzaniso, kuisa skylight pamhepo yekudzika kwemhepo inotungamira muchirimo kunogona kubatsira nekukurumidza kudzinga mweya unopisa.
Windproof matanho:
Munzvimbo dzine mhepo inomhanya zvikuru, dzakadai semhenderekedzo yegungwa kana kuti nharaunda, magreenhouses anofanirwa kufunga nezvekugadzirwa kwemhepo, kusanganisira kusarudza zvigadziro zvakagadzikana zvefuremu, kuvhara zvinhu zvekuvhara, uye kuwedzera masvingo ekudzivirira mhepo kudzivirira kukanganisa kune greenhouse pasi pemhepo ine simba.
Mamiriro evhu
Ivhu rudzi uye kuchinjika:
Nzvimbo yenzvimbo inosarudza rudzi rwevhu, uye mvura, kubereka, acidity, uye alkalinity yevhu rakasiyana zvinogona kukanganisa kukura kwezvirimwa mumagreenhouses. Naizvozvo, kuongororwa kwevhu kunodiwa usati wasarudza nzvimbo yegreenhouse, uye kudyara kwezvirimwa kwakakodzera kana kuvandudzwa kwevhu (sekuwedzera organic fetereza, kuvandudza pH kukosha, nezvimwewo) kunofanirwa kusarudzwa zvichienderana nemhedzisiro yebvunzo.
Foundation kugadzikana:
Iyo yakakosha dhizaini yegreenhouse inoda kufunga nezvekubereka kugona uye kugadzikana kwevhu kudzivirira kuderera kwenheyo kana kuumbwa kweiyo greenhouse. Muvhu rakapfava kana nzvimbo dzinowanzogadziriswa, zvinodikanwa kusimbisa nheyo kana kushandisa nheyo dzekrete.
3. Nzvimbo Yemvura Yenzvimbo uye Dhizaini Yekudiridza
Kuwanikwa kwezvitubu zvemvura
Chinhambwe chemvura uye kunaka kwemvura:
Nzvimbo yegreenhouse inofanira kuva pedyo nemvura yakagadzikana (senzizi, madziva, kana mvura yepasi) kuitira kudiridza. Panguva imwecheteyo, kukosha kwepH, kuoma, uye kusvibiswa kwehuwandu hwemvura zvinokanganisa kukura kwechirimwa, uye zvinodikanwa kuwedzera nzvimbo dzekuchenesa mvura (sekusefa, kuuraya utachiona, nezvimwewo) kana zvichidikanwa.
Mvura inonaya system yekuunganidza:
Munzvimbo dzine mvura yakawanda, masisitimu ekuunganidza mvura inonaya anogona kugadzirwa kuchengetedza mvura yekudiridza uye kuderedza mari yezviwanikwa zvemvura.
Dambudziko rekushaikwa kwemvura mudunhu
Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, nekuda kwekusanaya kwemvura kwemamiriro ekunze kana kushomeka kwezviwanikwa zvemvura yepasi, zvakakosha kusarudza nzira dzemadiridziro dzakasimba (senge drip irrigation kana microsprinkler irrigation) kuchengetedza mvura. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinokwanisika kufunga nezvekushandisa madhamu kana shongwe dzemvura kuti ive nechokwadi chekudiridza mvura yekudiridza panguva yekusanaya kwemvura.
4. Kukanganisa kwenzvimbo yenzvimbo pakushandiswa kwesimba regreenhouse
Kushandiswa kwesimba rezuva
Munzvimbo dzine chiedza chezuva chakakwana, simba rezuva rinogona kushandiswa kupisa greenhouse kana mwenje wekuwedzera masisitimu nekugadzira zvinhu zvekuvharisa zvinoonekera uye kushandisa solar panel, nokudaro kuderedza mari yesimba.
Munzvimbo dzine mamiriro asina kunaka ekuvhenekesa, zvingave zvakafanira kushandisa magetsi ekugadzira magetsi (akadai se LED plant lights) kuwedzera mwenje, uchifunga nezvekuderedza kushandiswa kwemagetsi.
Kushandiswa kweGeothermal uye Mhepo Simba
Munzvimbo dzine zviwanikwa zvakawanda zvegeothermal, geothermal simba rinogona kushandiswa kupisa greenhouses nekuvandudza simba remagetsi. Pakutonhora kwakadzika usiku, geothermal systems inogona kupa yakagadzikana kupisa sosi.
Munzvimbo dzine zviwanikwa zvemhepo zvakawanda, kugadzirwa kwesimba remhepo kunogona kutariswa sekupa magetsi kune greenhouses, kunyanya mumagreenhouses anoda midziyo yemhepo yakakura, inogona kuderedza mari yemagetsi.
5. Ndeupi rudzi rwekugadzirwa kwatingakupa iwe
Kukanganisa kwenzvimbo yenzvimbo pakugadzira greenhouse kune akawanda. Haisi kungokanganisa nzvimbo uye chimiro chegreenhouse, asiwo inotarisa kuoma uye mari yekugadzirisa mamiriro emukati wegreenhouse. Sainzi uye zvine musoro kufunga nezve geographical zvakatipoteredza zvinhu zvinogona kugonesa greenhouses kuchinjika zviri nani kune yekunze nharaunda, kuvandudza goho rezvirimwa uye mhando, kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba uye kugadzirisa mari.
Naizvozvo, panguva yegreenhouse dhizaini chikamu, isu tichaita tsvakiridzo yakakwana uye ongororo zvichienderana nenzvimbo yenzvimbo yenzvimbo yeprojekiti. Kutora mukana weiyo geographical nharaunda, kudzivirira zvinogona kutyisidzira kwezvakatipoteredza, kugadzira inoshanda uye yakagadzikana greenhouses kuti ikubatsire iwe kuzadzisa kwenguva yakareba yakagadzikana zvinangwa zvekugadzira.
Sarudza iyo yakanyatsokodzera mhando yegreenhouse
Single-arch greenhouse
Hunhu: Kutora arched chimiro chine span yakajairika 6-12 metres, firimu repurasitiki rinowanzoshandiswa sechinhu chinovhara.
Advantages: Mutengo wekuvaka wakaderera, kuisirwa nyore, kwakakodzera madiki uye epakati mapurojekiti ekudyara.
Kuwanda kwekushandisa: Kugadzirwa kwezvirimwa zvikuru semuriwo, michero, nemavise.
Yakabatanidzwa greenhouse
Hunhu: Yakabatanidzwa neakawanda single greenhouse zvivakwa, zvichigadzira nzvimbo huru yekudyara. Inogona kuvharwa nefirimu, girazi, kana polycarbonate sheet (PC board).
Zvakanakira: Yakakura tsoka, inokodzera otomatiki manejimendi, inovandudza mashandisirwo enzvimbo uye kugona kugadzira.
Chiyero chekushandisa: Kudyara kukuru kwekutengesa, mabhesi ekudyara maruva, zvinangwa zvesainzi.
Girazi greenhouse
Zvimiro: Yakagadzirwa negirazi sechinhu chekufukidzira, nekujeka kwakanaka, uye kazhinji inogadzirwa nesimbi.
Zvakanakira: Kujeka kwakanakisa, kusimba kwakasimba, kwakakodzera kune yakakwirira-chaiyo kudzora kwezvakatipoteredza.
Chiyero chekushandisa: Kurimwa kwembeu-yakawedzera kukosha (semaruva nemiti yemishonga), ongororo dzesainzi, uye kurima kwekuona nzvimbo.
PC bhodhi greenhouse
Zvimiro: Kushandisa PC bhodhi sechinhu chinovhara, kaviri-layer hollow dhizaini, yakanaka insulation kuita.
Advantages: Yakasimba, yakasimba kukanganisa kuramba, uye zvirinani insulation mhedzisiro pane mafirimu greenhouses.
Chikumbiro chekushandisa: Inokodzera kudyarwa kwemaruva, kuona nzvimbo dzemagreenhouse, uye kugadzirwa munzvimbo dzinotonhora.
Plastiki yakaonda firimu greenhouse
Zvimiro: Yakafukidzwa nefirimu repurasitiki, imwe chete kana kaviri akaturikidzana dhizaini, lightweight chimiro.
Zvakanakira: Mutengo wakaderera, kuisirwa nyore, yakakodzera kune akasiyana mamiriro ekunze.
Chikumbiro chekushandisa: Inokodzera kugadzirwa kwezvirimwa zvakawanda, zvirongwa zvekudyara zvidiki-diki, nekudyara kwenguva pfupi.
Solar Greenhouse
Zvimiro: Gobvu madziro ekuchamhembe, akajeka kumaodzanyemba, achishandisa simba rezuva rekudzivirira, rinowanikwa munzvimbo dzinotonhora.
Advantages: Kuchengetedza magetsi uye kushamwaridzana kwezvakatipoteredza, kwakakodzera kugadzirwa kwechando, yakanaka insulation effect.
Kuwanda kwekushandisa: Inokodzera kurima miriwo munzvimbo dzinotonhora dzekuchamhembe, kunyanya munguva yechando.
Kana uine mimwe mibvunzo nezve greenhouses, ndapota inzwa wakasununguka kuva nehurukuro dzakadzama nesu. Isu tine rukudzo nekugona kugadzirisa zvinokunetsa uye matambudziko.
Kana iwe uchida kudzidza zvakawanda nezvematende edu mhinduro, unogona kutarisa kugadzirwa uye kunaka kwegreenhouse, kukwidziridzwa kwegreenhouse accessories, maitiro ebasa uye mushure mekutengesa sevhisi yegreenhouse.
Kuti tigadzire greenhouse yakasvibira uye yakangwara, isu tinonyanya kunetseka nezve kugarisana kwakanaka pakati pekurima uye zvisikwa, kuita kuti vatengi vedu vaite kuti nyika ive yakasvibira nekugadzira yakanakisa mhinduro yekugadzira inoshanda uye budiriro inoenderera.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-26-2024