Waba uri umuntu ukunda ubusitani, umuhinzi, uruganda rwubuhinzi, cyangwa ikigo cyubushakashatsi, turashobora gukora pariki ijyanye neza nubunini bwawe, ingengo yimari, hamwe nintego yo gukoresha mubikorwa byawe (nko gutanga imboga, indabyo, imbuto, cyangwa gukora ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi ).
Tuzaguha igisubizo cyibishushanyo mbonera cya parike ukurikije aho uherereye, inyungu ziteganijwe ku ishoramari (ROI), n'ubwoko bwa parike.
Pariki nini yo guhinga imboga
Greenhouse yo gutera indabyo
Nigute dushobora kubona igishushanyo kibisi kibereye mubidukikije
Mubikorwa byo gushushanya pariki, ibidukikije ni kimwe mubintu byingenzi bigira ingaruka kuri gahunda. Ntabwo igena gusa aho imiterere n’imiterere ya pariki ihagaze, ahubwo inagira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye nko kumurika, guhumeka, ubushyuhe n’ubushyuhe, no gucunga neza parike. Ibikurikira bizasobanura ingaruka zihariye z’ibidukikije ku gishushanyo mbonera cya parike:
1. Ahantu hegereye no guhitamo ikibanza cya parike
Imirasire y'izuba
Umucyo umara nubukomezi: Umucyo nishingiro rya fotosintezeza yibimera kandi bigira ingaruka kumikurire yumusaruro. Ahantu hatandukanye hazaba hagaragara izuba ryinshi nigihe kirekire. Mu bice bifite uburebure buri hejuru, izuba ryizuba rimara igihe gito, bityo igishushanyo mbonera gikenera gutekereza ku mucyo mwinshi; Ahantu hakeye hafite izuba rihagije, ibikoresho byo kugicucu bigomba kuba bifite ibikoresho kugirango birinde izuba ryinshi.
Guhitamo icyerekezo: Icyerekezo cya pariki nacyo kigomba kugenwa hashingiwe kumiterere yizuba. Mubisanzwe, imiterere yamajyaruguru-yepfo ihitamo kugirango igere kumuri umwe. Icyatsi kiburasirazuba-uburengerazuba kibereye ahantu hake cyane kuko gitanga igihe kirekire cyizuba ryizuba mugihe cyitumba.
Ubushyuhe n'ikirere
Itandukaniro ryubushyuhe: Ahantu hegereye hagena akarere k’ikirere karimo pariki, kandi itandukaniro ryubushyuhe hagati y’ibihe bitandukanye by’ikirere bizagira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye no gukonjesha parike. Kurugero, mu turere dukonje nko mu burebure burebure cyangwa ahantu h’imisozi, hagomba gutekerezwa ingamba zikomeye zo gukumira, hifashishijwe ibikoresho byo kubika ibyumba byinshi cyangwa gushushanya pariki y’ibirahuri y’ibirahure kugira ngo igabanye ubushyuhe. Mu turere dushyuha cyangwa mu turere dushyuha, guhumeka no gukonjesha nibyo byibandwaho.
Imihindagurikire y’ikirere ikabije: Mu turere tumwe na tumwe twa geografiya, hashobora kuba ikirere gikabije nkubukonje, imivumba yubushyuhe, inkubi y'umuyaga, nibindi, bisaba ko habaho ihinduka ryibishushanyo mbonera. Kurugero, mubice bifite ubukonje bwinshi, birashoboka gutekereza kongera ibikoresho byo gushyushya muri pariki; Mu bice bifite umuyaga mwinshi, birakenewe gushimangira ituze ryimiterere ya pariki ningamba zo gukumira ivumbi.
Imvura n'ubushuhe
Imvura igwa buri mwaka nogukwirakwiza ibihe: Imiterere yimvura igira ingaruka kumiterere yamazi hamwe nuburyo bwo kuhira imyaka ya pariki. Mu bice bifite imvura nyinshi kandi ikwirakwizwa cyane (nka zone y’ikirere), birakenewe ko hashyirwaho uburyo bunoze bwo kuvoma kugirango hirindwe amazi yo mu ngo mu gihe cyimvura nyinshi. Byongeye kandi, igishushanyo cy’igisenge kigomba no gutekereza ku gutandukanya amazi yimvura kugirango hirindwe ingaruka zamazi yimvura kumiterere ya parike.
Ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere: Mu bice bifite ubuhehere bwinshi (nko ku nkombe z’inyanja), igishushanyo mbonera cya pariki kigomba kwita cyane ku guhumeka no guhumanya amazi kugira ngo birinde indwara ziterwa n’ubushuhe bwinshi. Ahantu humye nko mu gihugu imbere cyangwa mu butayu, hagomba gushyirwaho ibikoresho byo guhumeka kugirango habeho ubuhehere bukwiye.
2. Ingaruka zubutaka hamwe nubutaka kuri pariki
Guhitamo ahantu
Ibyibanze kubutaka bubi: Ubusanzwe pariki zubatswe mubice bifite ubutaka bworoshye kugirango byoroshye kubaka no gucunga. Ariko niba ari agace k'imisozi cyangwa imisozi, birakenewe kuringaniza no gushimangira umusingi, byongera ikiguzi cyubwubatsi.
Ahantu hahanamye no gushushanya amazi: Kubutaka bwahanamye, igishushanyo mbonera gikeneye gusuzuma ibibazo byamazi kugirango amazi yimvura cyangwa amazi yo kuhira atembera imbere muri parike. Byongeye kandi, ahantu hahanamye harashobora gufasha kugera kumazi karemano, bityo bikagabanya ibiciro byubwubatsi bwamazi.
Icyerekezo cy'umuyaga n'umuvuduko
Icyerekezo cyumuyaga cyiganje:
Icyerekezo cyumuyaga n'umuvuduko bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumyuka no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwa pariki. Mugihe cyo gushushanya pariki, ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa nicyerekezo cyumuyaga cyiganje umwaka wose kandi ugashyiraho ingamba zifungura umuyaga kugirango utezimbere umwuka mwiza. Kurugero, gushiraho skylight kumanuka wicyerekezo cyumuyaga wiganje mugihe cyizuba birashobora gufasha kwirukana vuba umwuka ushushe.
Ingamba zitagira umuyaga:
Mu bice bifite umuvuduko mwinshi w’umuyaga, nko mu turere two ku nkombe cyangwa mu bibaya, pariki zigomba gutekereza ku gishushanyo mbonera cy’umuyaga, harimo guhitamo imiterere ihamye y’imyubakire, kubyimba ibikoresho bitwikiriye, no kongeramo inkuta zangiza umuyaga kugirango wirinde kwangirika kw’umuyaga mwinshi.
Imiterere y'ubutaka
Ubwoko bwubutaka no guhuza n'imiterere:
Imiterere ya geografiya igena ubwoko bwubutaka, kandi amazi, uburumbuke, acide, nubunyobwa bwubutaka butandukanye birashobora kugira ingaruka kumikurire yibihingwa. Kubwibyo, gupima ubutaka birakenewe mbere yo guhitamo ikibanza cya pariki, kandi gutera ibihingwa bikwiye cyangwa kuzamura ubutaka (nko kongera ifumbire mvaruganda, kuzamura agaciro ka pH, nibindi) bigomba guhitamo hashingiwe kubisubizo byikizamini.
Urufatiro ruhamye:
Igishushanyo mbonera cya pariki gikeneye gutekereza ku bushobozi bwo gutwara no gutuza kw’ubutaka kugirango hirindwe kugabanuka kwishingiro cyangwa guhindura imiterere ya parike. Mubutaka bworoshye cyangwa ahantu hakunze guturwa, birakenewe gushimangira urufatiro cyangwa gukoresha urufatiro rufatika.
3. Inkomoko y'amazi yo mukarere no gushushanya
Kuboneka kw'amazi
Intera y'amazi n'ubwiza bw'amazi:
Ikibanza cya pariki kigomba kuba hafi y’isoko ihamye y’amazi (nk'inzuzi, ibiyaga, cyangwa amazi yo mu butaka) hagamijwe kuhira. Muri icyo gihe, agaciro ka pH, ubukana, n’urwego rw’umwanda w’amazi bizagira ingaruka ku mikurire y’ibihingwa, kandi ni ngombwa kongera ibikoresho byo gutunganya amazi (nko kuyungurura, kuyanduza, n'ibindi) igihe bibaye ngombwa.
Sisitemu yo gukusanya amazi y'imvura:
Mu bice bifite imvura nyinshi, uburyo bwo gukusanya amazi yimvura burashobora gutegurwa kubika amazi yimvura yo kuhira no kugabanya ibiciro byamazi.
Ikibazo cyo kubura amazi mu karere
Mu turere tumwe na tumwe, bitewe n’amapfa y’ikirere cyangwa amikoro make y’ubutaka, birakenewe guhitamo uburyo bwo kuhira neza (nko kuhira imyaka cyangwa kuvomera mikorobe) kugirango tubike amazi. Muri icyo gihe, birashoboka gutekereza gutekereza gukoresha ibigega cyangwa iminara y’amazi kugirango habeho amasoko ahagije yo kuhira mugihe cyamapfa.
4. Ingaruka z’ibidukikije ku mikoreshereze y’ingufu za parike
Gukoresha ingufu z'izuba
Mu bice bifite urumuri rwizuba ruhagije, ingufu zizuba zirashobora gukoreshwa mubushuhe bwa pariki cyangwa sisitemu yinyongera mugushushanya ibikoresho bitwikiriye neza no gukoresha imirasire yizuba, bityo bikagabanya ibiciro byingufu.
Mu bice bifite amatara mabi, birashobora kuba nkenerwa gukoresha amasoko yumucyo (nkamatara yinganda ya LED) kugirango hongerwe urumuri, mugihe harebwa uburyo bwo kugabanya gukoresha amashanyarazi.
Gukoresha ingufu za Geothermal na Wind
Mu bice bifite umutungo mwinshi wa geothermal, ingufu za geothermal zirashobora gukoreshwa mugushyushya pariki no kuzamura ingufu. Ku bushyuhe buke nijoro, sisitemu ya geothermal irashobora gutanga isoko ihamye yubushyuhe.
Mu bice bifite ingufu nyinshi z'umuyaga, kubyara ingufu z'umuyaga birashobora gufatwa nk'itanga amashanyarazi kuri pariki, cyane cyane muri pariki zikenera ibikoresho binini byo guhumeka, bishobora kugabanya ibiciro by'amashanyarazi.
5. Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'igishushanyo dushobora kuguha?
Ingaruka z’ibidukikije ku gishushanyo mbonera cya parike. Ntabwo igira ingaruka gusa kumiterere yimiterere ya pariki, ahubwo inagena ingorane nigiciro cyo kugenzura ibidukikije byimbere muri parike. Mu buryo bwa siyansi kandi bushyize mu gaciro harebwa ibintu bidukikije by’ibidukikije birashobora gutuma pariki zihuza neza n’ibidukikije, kuzamura umusaruro w’ibihingwa n’ubuziranenge, kugabanya gukoresha ingufu n’ibiciro byo kubungabunga.
Kubwibyo, mugihe cyo gushushanya pariki, tuzakora ubushakashatsi nisesengura ryimbitse dushingiye kubidukikije bijyanye n'umushinga. Kwifashisha ibidukikije, kwirinda ibidukikije bishobora guhungabanya ibidukikije, gushushanya pariki nziza kandi irambye kugirango igufashe kugera ku ntego z'igihe kirekire z'umusaruro uhamye.
Hitamo ubwoko bubi bwa parike
Ikiraro kimwe
Ibiranga: Kwemeza imiterere yubatswe ifite uburebure bwa metero 6-12, firime ya plastike ikoreshwa nkibikoresho byo gutwikira.
Ibyiza: Igiciro gito cyubwubatsi, kwishyiriraho byoroshye, bikwiranye nimishinga mito n'iciriritse.
Ahantu ho gukoreshwa: Umusaruro wibihingwa byingenzi nkimboga, imbuto, na melon.
Pariki ihujwe
Ibiranga: Bihujwe ninyubako nyinshi zicyatsi kibisi, bikora umwanya munini wo gutera. Urashobora gutwikirwa na firime, ikirahure, cyangwa urupapuro rwa polikarubone (ikibaho cya PC).
Ibyiza: Ikirenge kinini, gikwiranye nubuyobozi bwikora, butezimbere imikoreshereze yumwanya no gukora neza.
Igipimo cyo gushyira mu bikorwa: Ingano nini yo gutera ubucuruzi, gushingira indabyo, intego zubushakashatsi.
Ikirahuri kibisi
Ibiranga: Byakozwe mubirahuri nkibikoresho bitwikiriye, hamwe no gukorera mu mucyo, kandi bisanzwe byubakishijwe ibyuma.
Ibyiza: Gukorera mu mucyo bihebuje, kuramba gukomeye, bikwiranye no kugenzura ibidukikije neza.
Umubare w'ikoreshwa: Guhinga ibihingwa byongerewe agaciro (nk'indabyo n'ibiti bivura imiti), ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na siyansi, n'ubuhinzi nyaburanga.
Ikibaho cya PC
Ibiranga: Gukoresha ikibaho cya PC nkigipfundikizo cyibikoresho, igishushanyo mbonera cya kabiri, gukora neza.
Ibyiza: Kurwanya ingaruka zikomeye, zikomeye, hamwe ningaruka nziza zo gukumira kuruta pariki ya firime.
Ahantu ho gukoreshwa: Birakwiriye gutera indabyo, gutembera neza muri pariki, no kubyaza umusaruro ahantu hakonje.
Icyatsi kibisi cya plastiki
Ibiranga: Bipfundikijwe na firime ya plastike, igishushanyo kimwe cyangwa bibiri byubatswe, imiterere yoroheje.
Ibyiza: Igiciro gito, kwishyiriraho byoroshye, bikwiranye nikirere gitandukanye.
Ahantu ho gukoreshwa: Birakwiye kubyara umusaruro mwinshi, imishinga mito mito yo gutera, no gutera byigihe gito.
Imirasire y'izuba
Ibiranga: Urukuta rurerure rwamajyaruguru, uruhande rwamajyepfo rubonerana, ukoresheje ingufu zizuba mugukingira, bikunze kuboneka mukarere gakonje.
Ibyiza: Kuzigama ingufu kandi bitangiza ibidukikije, bikwiranye numusaruro wimbeho, ingaruka nziza zo gukumira.
Ahantu ho gukoreshwa: Birakwiye guhingwa imboga mu turere dukonje two mu majyaruguru, cyane cyane mu gihe cy'itumba.
Niba ufite ibibazo byinshi bijyanye na pariki, nyamuneka twumve ibiganiro birambuye natwe. Twishimiye kuba dushobora gukemura ibibazo byanyu nibibazo.
Niba wifuza kumenya byinshi kubisubizo byamahema yacu, urashobora kugenzura umusaruro nubwiza bwa pariki, kuzamura ibikoresho bya pariki, inzira ya serivisi na nyuma yo kugurisha parike.
Kugira ngo habeho icyatsi kibisi kandi gifite ubwenge, duhangayikishijwe cyane no kubana neza hagati y’ubuhinzi n’ibidukikije, bigatuma abakiriya bacu bahindura isi icyatsi kandi bagashiraho igisubizo cyiza cy’umusaruro unoze n’iterambere rirambye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-26-2024